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Utilização de imagens obtidas por Veículo Aéreo Não-Tripulado (VANT) para estimativa do desempenho de técnicas de proteção superficial do solo em área experimental no setor minerário

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be used for environmental studies such as the monitoring of land cover changes. This paper aims to analyze the use of images taken by UAVs to assess the performance of techniques installed to prevent soil loss at an experimental mining site in Cajati-SP, Brazil. In doing so, aerial photos taken by UAVs during four monitoring campaigns were manually classified using ArcGIS 10.3.1 software. The photo interpretation consisted on georeferencing five rectangle areas, each of them with 130m2 (10 m wide and 13 m high), and classifying land cover data based on vectorization-based method. The results were satisfactory enough to show the decrease of bare soil areas after 12 months of experiments. Therefore, photo interpretation of land cover features based on aerial images from UAVs showed to be an useful technique to assess environmental indicators related to land use. However, its effectiveness is still conditioned by factors such as: weather conditions during UAVs flights, embedded lens and camera features, angle between slope and UAVs, number of images to be analyzed and extent of the area to be mapped.